Essentials of pharmacology

Pharmacology essentials

Q1. To prevent drug toxicity after overdose what is used?

A.  Syrup of ipecac                                                                                C. silica

B.  Activated charcoal                                                                          D. both a and b

Q.2 Drug A is more lipid soluble and acidic than drug B which of the following is TRUE for their absorption into the glomerular filtrate?

A. Greater absorption of drug A than drug B                             C. both are absorbed equally

B. lesser absorption of drug A than drug B                                 D. none of these

Q3. The action of antagonist is

A.  Opposite to that of agonist                                                        C. No action

B.  Similar to action of agonist                                                          D. same as inverse agonist

Q4. Functional antagonist is

A.  Act on same receptor                                                                   C. both a and b

B. Act on different receptors                                                           D. there is nothing called functional                                 

                                                                                                                           Antagonist

Q5.Binding site for G protein coupled receptors is

A. outer side of membrane                                                              C. In between alpha helix

B. inner side of membrane                                                               D. both a and c

Q6. Sildenafil (Viagra)

A. phosphodiesterase inhibitor                                                      C. cause vasoconstriction

B. prolongs action of c GMP                                                             D. both a and b

Q7.Nicotinic, GABA receptors are example of

A. Enzyme linked receptors                                                              C. Intracellular receptors

B. G protein receptors                                                                        D. ligand gated receptors

Q8.Match the following

1. Chloramphenicol    a. Blue baby syndrome

2. Nimesulide                 b. liver toxicity

3. Aspirin                          c. grey baby syndrome

                                            d. Reye’s syndrome

A. 1-a,2-b,3-c                                                                                          C. 1-c,2-d,3-a

B.1-c.2b,3-d                                                                                             D. 1-a, 2-b,3-c

Q.9 Olfactory receptors, chemokine receptors, inflammation mediators, Opsin protein are

A. enzyme linked receptors                                                             C. Intracellular receptors

B. G protein receptors                                                                        D. ligand gated receptors

Q. 10. Tetracycline is not taken with

A. sugar water                                                                                        C. alluminium hydroxide antacid

B. milk                                                                                                        D. both b and c

Q11. Intraosseous route of administration is

A. bone                                                                                                     C.plasma

B. CSF                                                                                                         D.none of these

Q12. Epinephrine is given with lidocaine(anesthetic) because-

A. acts as vasoconstrictor acting leading to local effect         C. for better stability

B. for general effect                                                                            D.for slow drug release

Q13. Hyluronidase

A. increases the absorption rate of parenteral fluids given subcutaneously          

B.  is used in antiaging creams

C. ophthalmic surgery, in combination with local anesthetics

D. both a and c

Q14. People with liver diseases will show

A.      Quick drug action and low distribution of drug

B.      Slow drug action and high distribution of drug

C.      Quick action and high distribution of drug

D.      Slow drug and low distribution of drug

Q15. Administration of drug along with food  leads to

A.      Slow action of drug

B.      Quick action of drugs

C.      Slow or quick action depending on drug interaction

D.      Makes no difference

Q16. Which of the following route doesnot involve use of needle

A.      Intravenous

B.      Intrathecal

C.      Sialistic implants

D.      Dermojets

Q17. Nicotine patches is taken transdermally 

A.      For smoking cession

B.      Looks cool

C.      For people who don’t like to smoke

D.      None of these

Q18. Aspirin and naproxen are  absorbed from the stomatch because

A.      Because they are weakly  basic drugs and they dissociate to greater extent

B.      Because they are weakly acidic drugs and they dissociate to greater extent

C.      Because they are weakly acidic drugs and they don’t  dissociate to greater extent

D.      Both a  and b

Q19. To overcome phenobarbital(weak acid)  overdose the urine should be made

A.      Strongly Acidic

B.      Strongly  Basic

C.      Weakly basic

D.      Weakly acidic

  

Q20.  Drug at high concerteration shows

A.      First order kinetics

B.      Second order kinetics

C.      Zero order kinetics

D.      Third order kinetics

 

 Carbohydarate metabolism test -1



Q 1.  2, 3-Bisphosphoglycerate binds with greater affinity to -

A.      Deoxygenated hemoglobin                      C.  both with similar affinity

        B.  Oxygenated hemoglobin                          D. none of the above

answer-  A
 2, 3-Bisphosphoglycerate binds with greater affinity to Deoxygenated hemoglobin. it is formed through rapoport luebering pathway.

Q 2.  Hexokinase ….

A. has lesser substrate affinity than glucokinase                C.   Present in liver

B. Can phosphorylate fructose                                    D. both a and b

answer-B
hexokinase is present in almost all cells of body which can phosphorylate hexose sugars. It has greater substrate affinity than glucokinase. glucokinase is present in liver
 

Q3.  Glucokinase and hexokinase are isozymes. They have similar function. Are they coded by the same gene?

A.      Yes                                                                      C.  coded by different alleles  of the same gene

B.      No                                                                  D. none of the above

Q3.  Why is Hmp shunt (PPP pathway) dominant in cornea and erythrocytes?

A.    no particular reason                                            C.  Increased rate of glycolysis

B. because of being directly exposed to                D. in cornea because it’s avascular and in RBC because  

 Oxygen thus generating free radicals                          of lack of mitochondria

Q4. Hmp pathway occurs in

A.      Mitochondrion                                               C. nucleus

B.     Cytosol                                                                D. All of these

Q5. What is added to blood for accurate measurement of blood glucose level?

A. sodium                                                                         C. magnesium

B . Fluoride                                                                 D. potassium

Q6. People with defect in glucose 6- phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (HMP pathway) are immune to?

A.      typhoid                                                             C. Malaria

B. Diabetes                                                                  D. TB

Q7. Glucose 6- phosphate dehydrogenase affects mostly?

A.      Males                                                                 C.  Never affects males

B. Females                                                                                  D. Never affects females

Q8.  The ratio of NAD/NADH is higher in

A.      Cytosol                                                              C.  same everywhere

B. Mitochondria                                                         D. differs with cell types

Q9. How many ATP would be gained if all dihydroxy acetone phosphate is used for fatty acid synthesis glycolysis?

A.      0 ATP                                                                  C.  2 ATP

B.      4   ATP                                                                               D. 6 ATP

Q 10.Which pathway is important in synthesis of genetic material?

 A. glycolysis                                                                    C. Krebs cycle

B. gluconeogenesis                                                   D. HMP pathway

                                                                                            

Q11. Why large doses of alcohol lead to hypoglycemia?

A.     decreased NAD+ concentration                    C.  Increased conversion of pyruvate to lactate

B. increased NAD+ concentration                          D.  both a and b

Q12. Why gluconeogenesis does not take place in the brain, adipose tissue and muscles?

A.      They need continuous supply of glucose and hence can’t wait for gluconeogenesis

B.      Gluconeogenesis requires a lot of energy for glucose manufacture

C.      They don’t have enzyme glucose 6- phosphatase

D.       Still a matter of ongoing research

Q13. Increased lactate dehydrogenase indicates?

A.      Myocardial  infarction

B.      Cancer (lymphoma)

C.      Liver disease

D.      All of the above

Q14. The action of amylase (salivary and pancreatic) is

A.      Same to that of  glycogen phosphorylase

B.      Acts on α-1,4-glycosidic bonds

C.      Its involved in gluconeogenesis

D.      Its acts on α-1,6-glycosidic bonds

Q15. Glycogenin is

A.      Only an enzyme

B.      Acts as the primer, to which further glucose monomers may be added.

C.      Enzyme is UTP glucose phosphorylase

D.      Both b and c

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